HERE there is SOMETHING ON THE SYSTEM OF DEEP BED:
This system is native from the China and adopted in Europe from 1980. It is based in fattening pigs using facilities of second use as galpones of birds, cellars, stables, etc. next to this, using beds of absorbent material for not producing waste outside of the galpón, so much solid as liquid, some of these materials can be wheat straw, straw of oat, coronta of corn, shell of rice, sand or chopped paper (1,4).
When the lot of pigs is retired to another stage, the bed in compostaje form is used as payment diminishing the use of chemical fertilizers, increasing the load of organic material to the floor, contributing this way to the natural cycle without attacking the environment (1).
To structure the system of deep bed it is necessary to consider different such factors as the ventilation that is it criticizes, since the temperature at level of the bed is a little high with relationship to the environment the size of the galpón and the density, the surface, the bed, the quality of this is important to maintain the absorption of liquids and the health of the pigs the water and the food, handling of lots and sanitary aspects (1, 4,5).
Intervening the previous factors is sought to receive the biggest benefits in the system, among many he/she is the control on the population of flies, since the heat that generates the composition of the bed avoids the development of larvas in the production of gases, the system offers smaller production of NH3 and bigger than NH2, that which reduces problem of scents.
In the well-being of the animal it influences diminishing the situations of anxiety or estrés of the same one, because the expression of its natural behavior is preserved, diminishing this way physical lesions and illnesses because of the estrés.
Having less interactions in the handling of the system subjects the pig to a better comfort, guaranteeing a great reduction to the liberation of microorganisms patógenos to their meats, generating a good nutritious security to the consumer (1, 4,5).
Between some advantages and disadvantages he/she spends to mention the first floor investment cost in facilities, bigger comfort of the animals, allowing a better expression of their behavior, smaller consumption of water, use of the bed for their agricultural use, decrease of the expression of bad habits, decrease of flies and scents, decrease of the mortality, improves in the uniformalidad of the lot, better meat quality due to a bigger activity of the cells muscular, bigger portion consumption, the nutritious conversion increases lightly, I increase in the manpower necessity for the handling of the bed, big necessities of vegetable material to be used in the bed, bigger ventilation necessity, demands a good sanitary level of facility.
This system assists the concept of green production (1).
Fabio López
Student of Zootecnia
University of Antioquia |
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